Urinary Catheterization Nursing Procedure | Steps, Types, Indications & Care
Urinary Catheterization – Procedure, Types, Indications & Nursing Care
Introduction
Urinary catheterization is a common nursing procedure used in hospitals to drain urine from the bladder. It is an important skill for GNM and BSc Nursing students, both for exams and clinical practice. Proper knowledge of indications, procedure steps and nursing care helps prevent complications such as infection. This topic is frequently asked in nursing examinations.
What is Urinary Catheterization?
Urinary catheterization is the insertion of a sterile tube (catheter) into the urinary bladder through the urethra to drain urine. It is done for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.
Types of Urinary Catheters
Indwelling catheter (Foley catheter) – remains in bladder for continuous drainage
Intermittent catheter – inserted temporarily and removed after drainage
Suprapubic catheter – inserted through abdominal wall into bladder
Indications
Urinary retention
Monitoring urine output
During surgery
Severe illness or immobility
Bladder irrigation
Collection of sterile urine sample
Contraindications
Urethral injury
Severe infection of urinary tract (relative)
Equipment Required
Sterile catheter
Gloves (sterile)
Lubricant
Antiseptic solution
Syringe with sterile water (for Foley)
Drainage bag
Drapes and gauze
Procedure Steps (Female)
Explain procedure to patient
Maintain privacy and position patient
Perform hand hygiene and wear gloves
Clean perineal area with antiseptic
Lubricate catheter tip
Insert catheter gently into urethra
Advance until urine flows
Inflate balloon (for Foley catheter)
Attach drainage bag
Secure catheter and record output
Procedure Steps (Male)
Position patient and ensure privacy
Clean penis with antiseptic
Hold penis upright
Insert lubricated catheter slowly
Advance until urine appears
Inflate balloon
Attach drainage system
Complications
Urinary tract infection (UTI)
Trauma to urethra
Hematuria
Bladder spasms
Nursing Responsibilities
Maintain strict aseptic technique
Monitor urine output
Keep drainage bag below bladder level
Prevent kinking of tube
Provide catheter care daily
Educate patient about hygiene
Key Points for Exams
Catheterization is a sterile procedure
Foley catheter has a balloon
Used for urine drainage and monitoring
Risk of infection is high
FAQ
1. What is urinary catheterization?
It is insertion of a catheter into bladder to drain urine.
2. What is Foley catheter?
It is an indwelling catheter with a balloon for retention.
3. What is the main complication?
Urinary tract infection.
4. Why is aseptic technique important?
To prevent infection.
Conclusion
Urinary catheterization is an essential nursing skill used in many clinical situations. Understanding its types, procedure and care helps prevent complications and ensures patient safety. Regular practice and proper technique are important for nursing students.
Medical Disclaimer
This content is for educational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice.
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