Respiratory System 5 Marks Questions with Answers | NursingNotesGNM
Respiratory System – 5 Marks Questions with Answers (GNM / Nursing)
✨ Introduction
These Respiratory System 5 marks questions with answers are prepared for GNM 1st year, ANM, and BSc Nursing students. Suitable for long-answer exams, unit tests, and viva preparation.
✍️ Respiratory System – 5 Marks Questions with Answers
1. Describe the structure of the respiratory system.
The respiratory system consists of nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs, and alveoli. The nose filters air, the trachea conducts air, bronchi and bronchioles distribute air, and alveoli allow gas exchange. The lungs are covered by pleura and breathing is aided by the diaphragm.
2. Explain the process of respiration.
Respiration includes inspiration, expiration, and exchange of gases. During inspiration, air enters the lungs. In expiration, air leaves the lungs. Oxygen diffuses from alveoli into blood, while carbon dioxide diffuses from blood into alveoli and is expelled. Cellular respiration occurs in mitochondria.
3. Write the functions of the respiratory system.
• Supplies oxygen to body tissues
• Removes carbon dioxide
• Helps in voice production
• Maintains acid–base balance
• Regulates body temperature
4. Describe normal respiration and its characteristics.
Normal respiration in adults is 16–20 breaths per minute. Breathing is quiet, regular, effortless, and symmetrical. Chest movement is equal on both sides and there is no use of accessory muscles.
5. Explain abnormal breathing patterns.
Abnormal breathing includes tachypnea (fast breathing), bradypnea (slow breathing), apnea (absence of breathing), dyspnea (difficulty breathing), cyanosis (bluish discoloration), and Cheyne–Stokes respiration (irregular breathing with periods of apnea).
6. Describe alveoli and their functions.
Alveoli are tiny air sacs present in lungs. They provide a large surface area for gas exchange. Oxygen enters blood and carbon dioxide leaves blood through alveolar walls.
7. Explain the role of hemoglobin in respiration.
Hemoglobin is a red blood cell pigment that carries oxygen from lungs to tissues and carbon dioxide from tissues to lungs, forming oxyhemoglobin.
8. Describe the mechanism of breathing.
Breathing occurs in two phases: inspiration and expiration. During inspiration, diaphragm contracts and chest expands. During expiration, diaphragm relaxes and chest recoils, pushing air out.
🌟 Conclusion
These respiratory system 5 marks questions help nursing students prepare thoroughly for long-answer exams. Practice regularly to improve understanding and exam performance.
📌 Educational Disclaimer
This content is created for educational purposes only to support nursing exam preparation.
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