One Word Questions and Answers - THE CELL | GNM first year | NursingNotesGNM
The Cell: Structure, Reproduction and Functions – One Word Questions and Answers
This post contains exam‑oriented ONE WORD ANSWER questions from The Cell: Structure, Reproduction and Functions, specially prepared for GNM, BSc Nursing, Staff Nurse, NORCET, AIIMS and other nursing examinations. These questions are extremely useful for viva voce, short answer exams, and quick revision.
Introduction
The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life. In nursing examinations, one word answer questions are commonly asked to test basic concepts, definitions, and key terms from cell biology. Mastering these questions helps students score easily and improve conceptual clarity.
One Word Answer Questions – The Cell
Section A: Basic Cell Biology
Basic unit of life – Cell
Study of cells – Cytology
Scientist who proposed cell theory – Schleiden
Cell theory was completed by – Schwann
Cells without nucleus – Prokaryotic
Cells with true nucleus – Eukaryotic
Living organism without cellular structure – Virus
Oldest cell in human body – Neuron
Longest cell in human body – Neuron
Smallest cell in human body – Sperm
Section B: Plasma Membrane and Cytoplasm
Outer covering of the cell – Plasma membrane
Nature of plasma membrane – Semipermeable
Model explaining cell membrane – Fluid mosaic
Jelly‑like substance of cell – Cytoplasm
Liquid part of cytoplasm – Cytosol
Organelle absent in prokaryotes – Nucleus
Structural unit of membrane – Phospholipid
Cell communication occurs through – Receptors
Transport vesicles formed by – Golgi
Intracellular digestion site – Lysosome
Section C: Cell Organelles
Powerhouse of the cell – Mitochondria
Site of protein synthesis – Ribosome
Organelle for lipid synthesis – SER
Organelle for protein synthesis – RER
Packaging organelle – Golgi apparatus
Suicide bags of the cell – Lysosomes
Organelle with double membrane – Mitochondria
Cell organelle containing enzymes – Lysosome
Organelle involved in detoxification – SER
Energy currency of cell – ATP
Section D: Nucleus
Control center of the cell – Nucleus
Genetic material of cell – DNA
Thread‑like material in nucleus – Chromatin
Site of ribosome formation – Nucleolus
Fluid inside nucleus – Nucleoplasm
Double‑layered covering of nucleus – Nuclear membrane
Cells without nucleus – RBC
Structure carrying genes – Chromosome
Number of nuclear membranes – Two
Functional unit of chromosome – Gene
Section E: Cell Reproduction – Mitosis
Division of somatic cells – Mitosis
First stage of mitosis – Prophase
Alignment of chromosomes stage – Metaphase
Separation of chromatids stage – Anaphase
Final stage of mitosis – Telophase
Cytoplasmic division – Cytokinesis
Number of daughter cells in mitosis – Two
Genetic nature of daughter cells – Identical
Spindle fibers arise from – Centrosome
Cell division for growth – Mitosis
Section F: Cell Reproduction – Meiosis
Division of germ cells – Meiosis
Number of divisions in meiosis – Two
Number of daughter cells in meiosis – Four
Genetic nature of meiotic cells – Different
Crossing over occurs in – Prophase I
Chromosome number reduced to – Half
Cell division for reproduction – Meiosis
Pairing of homologous chromosomes – Synapsis
Exchange of genetic material – Crossing over
Meiosis maintains – Chromosome number
Exam‑Oriented Key Points
Cell is the basic unit of life
Mitochondria produce energy
Ribosomes synthesize proteins
Mitosis is for growth and repair
Meiosis is for reproduction
Importance of One Word Questions in Nursing Exams
One word answer questions are important because they:
Improve memory retention
Strengthen basic concepts
Are frequently asked in viva and written exams
Help in quick revision before exams
Conclusion
Regular practice of one word answer questions on the cell helps nursing students master cell structure, reproduction, and functions. These questions are highly scoring and essential for anatomy and physiology examinations.
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